How to File Form 1098-T (Maximize Your Refund)

Got a confusing form from your college that looks like random numbers? Don’t throw it away. This is Form 1098-T, and it is the golden ticket to claiming your $2,500 Education Credit. Here is how to read it without a degree in accounting.

BMT Tax Research Team BMT Tax Research Team · 📅 Jan 2026 · ⏱️ 5 min read · TAX TIPS › HOW TO
Box 1
Paid
Tuition AmountEnter
Box 5
Free $
ScholarshipsDeduct
Missing?
Online
Check PortalFind

Decoding the Form: Only 2 Boxes Matter

The form has 10 boxes, but you can ignore most of them. Focus on the battle between Box 1 and Box 5.

Box Number Meaning Impact on Refund
Box 1 Payments Received Increases Credit (+)
Box 5 Scholarships/Grants Decreases Credit (-)
Box 2 Billed Amount Usually Empty*
Why is Box 2 empty?
In the old days, schools reported what they billed you. The IRS realized this was confusing, so they banned it. Now, schools must report what you actually paid in Box 1. If Box 2 is blank, don’t panic. It’s normal.
Your Claimable Amount
Step 1: Tuition (Box 1) $10,000
What you paid.
Step 2: Minus Grants (Box 5) -$6,000
Free money isn’t deductible.
Step 3: Add Books +$500
Manual Entry!
Total Qualified Exp.$4,500

How to Enter on TurboTax / H&R Block

Don’t just auto-import and click “Next.” Follow these steps to maximize the refund.

1. Find the “Education” Section

Go to Deductions & Credits > Education > Expenses and Scholarships (Form 1098-T).

2. Enter the EIN

Type in the school’s Tax ID (EIN) found on the form.

3. Enter Box 1 and Box 5 Exactly

Copy the numbers exactly as they appear on the paper.

4. The Secret Step: “Did you pay for books?”

The software will eventually ask: “Did [Student Name] pay for books or materials required for school?”
SAY YES.
This is where you enter the receipts for Amazon textbooks, lab equipment, or clickers. The 1098-T does NOT track this, but the AOTC credit allows it! This can add hundreds to your refund.

Pro Tip: The “December vs January” Trap

The IRS runs on a calendar year (Jan 1 – Dec 31). Schools run on Academic Years. This causes chaos.

When did you swipe the card?

If you paid for the Spring 2026 semester in December 2025, that expense belongs on your 2025 Tax Return.
If the 1098-T looks wrong (e.g., Box 1 is too low), check your bank statement dates. You claim the credit in the year the money left your bank account, regardless of what the semester is called.

Frequently Asked Questions

I didn’t get a 1098-T. Why?
Did you move? Most schools stop mailing them and just put a PDF in your Student Portal. Log in and search for “Tax Forms.”
Box 5 is bigger than Box 1?
Uh oh. This means you got a “Full Ride” plus extra cash for living expenses. The excess scholarship money (Box 5 minus Box 1) counts as Taxable Income. You actually have to pay tax on that “profit.”