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Retirement

Self-Funding vs. Long-Term Care Insurance: The Math Behind the $100,000 Nursing Home Bill

Dec 04, 2025 Code Authority: Team BMT

Self-Funding vs. Long-Term Care Insurance: The Math Behind the $100,000 Nursing Home Bill

CORE INSIGHTS

  • The Gap: Medicare covers medical care but NOT custodial care (nursing homes). This leaves a massive liability ($100k+/yr) exposed to personal assets.
  • Self-Funding Risk: To safely self-fund, you need a surplus portfolio of ~$400k per person. Without this, a 3-year stay can deplete the surviving spouse’s retirement.
  • Hybrid Solution: Hybrid Life/LTC policies guarantee either a care benefit or a death benefit, ensuring premiums are never “wasted.”

Statistically, 70% of Americans over 65 will need LTC. Yet, few plan for it. The debate isn’t about whether you will need care, but who pays for it: an insurance company or your portfolio.

What-If Scenario: The 4-Year Dementia Event

Strategy Cost/Impact Outcome
Self-Funded -$432,000 (Cash) Portfolio Depleted. Spouse Risk.
Hybrid Insurance -$100,000 (Premium) $432k Benefit Paid. Portfolio Safe.
Result: Insurance provided 4.3x leverage on capital.

Visualizing the Leverage

*Figure 1: Benefit Pool vs. Premium Paid. Insurance creates immediate leverage.*

Strategic Action Steps

1
The Age 50-60 Window
Buy LTC insurance between 50 and 60. Before 50 is too early; after 65, premiums spike or health issues disqualify you.
2
Assess “Spousal Multiplier”
Couples should buy “Shared Care” riders. If one spouse exhausts their pool, they can use the other’s. It’s more efficient.
3
The HSA Bridge
Use your HSA to pay for tax-qualified LTC premiums tax-free (up to age-based limits). This buys insurance with pre-tax dollars.

The Bottom Line: Who Should Choose What?

  • Net Worth < $500k: Rely on Medicaid. Insurance is too expensive relative to assets.
  • Net Worth $500k – $3M: The “Tweener” zone. Insurance is critical to protect the survivor’s lifestyle.
  • Net Worth > $3M: Safe to Self-Fund. The portfolio can absorb the hit.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does Medicare cover nursing homes?

Generally, no. Medicare only covers short-term “skilled nursing” (rehab) for up to 100 days. It does NOT cover custodial care.

What is a Hybrid LTC policy?

It combines Life Insurance with LTC benefits. If you need care, it pays out. If you die healthy, your heirs get a death benefit.

How much assets do I need to self-fund?

Planners suggest a surplus of $300k-$500k per person earmarked solely for healthcare to safely self-fund.

Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only. Consult an insurance professional.