Capital Gains Tax 101: How Much Will You Pay?

Did you sell a stock, a house, or some crypto this year? The IRS wants a cut of your profit. The good news: if you held it for more than 366 days, you get a huge discount. Here are the 2026 rules.

BMT Tax Research Team BMT Tax Research Team · 📅 Jan 2026 · ⏱️ 5 min read · TAX TIPS › BASICS
Short Term
High Tax
< 1 YearBad
Long Term
Low Tax
> 1 YearGood
0% Rate
Possible
If Income LowCheck

The 366-Day Magic Trick

The difference between selling on Day 365 and Day 366 can be thousands of dollars in tax savings.

Holding Period Tax Type Rate (Approx)
1 Year or Less Ordinary Income 10% – 37%
More than 1 Year Capital Gains 0%, 15%, 20%
Example
You make $10,000 profit on NVIDIA stock.
Sold in 6 months: You pay ~$2,400 tax (24% bracket).
Sold in 13 months: You pay ~$1,500 tax (15% bracket).
Savings: $900 just for waiting.
Tax Bite Calculation
Short-Term (Bad) High Rate
Treated as wages.
Long-Term (Good) Low Rate
Special discount.
StrategyAction
Day TradingTax Nightmare
Buy & HoldTax Efficient

2026 Long-Term Capital Gains Rates

If you held for >1 year, find your income below to see your rate. (Note: These are 2026 estimates based on inflation).

Rate Single Income Married Income
0% (Tax Free!)$0 – $49,450$0 – $98,900
15% (Most People)$49,451 – $545,500$98,901 – $613,700
20% (High Earners)Over $545,500Over $613,700

Pro Tip: The 0% Bracket Strategy

If you retire early or have a year with very low income (e.g., taking a sabbatical), you can sell stocks tax-free up to ~$49k (Single) or ~$99k (Married). This is called “Tax Gain Harvesting.”

The Secret “Rich Tax” (NIIT)

If you make a lot of money, the IRS adds an extra cherry on top.

It’s called the Net Investment Income Tax (NIIT). It adds an extra 3.8% tax on your gains if your Modified AGI is over:

  • Single: $200,000
  • Married: $250,000

So, high earners actually pay 18.8% (15% + 3.8%) or 23.8% (20% + 3.8%).

Frequently Asked Questions

What about my house?
Big Exception! If you sell your primary home, the first $250,000 of profit is tax-free ($500k for married couples), as long as you lived there for 2 of the last 5 years.
Do I pay tax if I don’t sell?
No. You only pay capital gains tax when you “Realize” the gain (i.e., sell the asset). If your stock goes up 500% but you hold it, you owe $0 tax.